Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 6 Articles
Background: Chlorhexidine is the gold standard of dental plaque prevention. The aim of the present study was to\ncompare the plaque and gingivitis inhibiting effect of commercial products containing 0.2%, 0.12% and 0.06%\nchlorhexidine in a modified experimental gingivitis model.\nMethods: In three groups of healthy volunteers, experimental gingivitis was induced and monitored over 21 days\nand simultaneously treated with the commercial solutions containing 0.2%, 0.12% and 0.06% chlorhexidine. The\nmaxillary right quadrant of each individual received mouthwash only, whereas the maxillary left quadrant was\nsubject to both rinsing and mechanical oral hygiene. Compliance and side effects were monitored at days 7, 14,\nand 21. Plaque and gingivitis scores were obtained at baseline and day 21.\nResults: The commercial mouthwash containing 0.2% chlorhexidine resulted in statistically significantly lower plaque\nscores than the 0.12 and 0.06% mouthwashes after 21 days use, whereas no statistically significant difference was\nfound between the effects of the two latter.\nConclusion: A commercially available mouthwash containing 0.2% chlorhexidine had statistically significant better\neffect in preventing dental plaque than the 0.12% and 0.06% solutions...
Background: This study aimed to examine end-of-treatment outcomes of severe Class II Division I malocclusion\npatients treated with surgical or non-surgical approaches. This study tests the hypotheses that occlusal outcomes\n(ABO-OGS) and cephalometric outcomes differ between these groups.\nMethods: A total of 60 patients were included: 20 of which underwent surgical correction and 40 of which did\nnot. Cast grading of initial and final study models was performed and information was gathered from pre- to\npost-treatment cephalometric radiographs. The end-of-treatment ABO-OGS and cephalometric outcomes were\ncompared to Mann-Whitney U tests and multivariable linear regression models.\nResults: Following adjustment for multiple confounders (age, gender, complexity of case, and skeletal patterns),\nthe final deband score (ABO-OGS) was similar for both groups (23.8 for surgical group versus 22.5 for non-surgical\ngroup). Those treated surgically had a significantly larger reduction in ANB angle, 3.4Ã?° reduction versus 1.5Ã?°\nreduction in the non-surgical group (p = 0.002). The surgical group also showed increased maxillary incisor\nproclination (p = 0.001) compared to the non-surgical group. This might be attributed to retroclination of\nmaxillary incisors during treatment selection in the non-surgical groupââ?¬â?namely, extraction of premolars to\nmask the discrepancy.\nConclusions: Those treated surgically had a significantly larger reduction in ANB angle and increased maxillary\nincisor proclination compared to those treated non-surgically with no significant changes in occlusal outcomes....
It is reputed that periodontal indices remain unchanged over a 24-hour period, with great clinical significance. This preliminary\nstudy analyzes daily index changes. In 56 selected patients, full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS),\nperiodontal screening and recording (PSR) indices, and periodontal risk assessment (PRA) were recorded at baseline and three\ntimes per day (check-I: 08.30, check-II: 11.30, and check-III: 14.30), after appropriate cause-related therapy. Correlation between\nvariables was statistically analyzed by Stata. All periodontal indices improved at the examination phase. Statistical differences were\ndetected for FMPS comparing all thrice daily checks. Statistical differences were detected for FMBS and PRA comparing check-III\nwith check-I and check-II. PSR showed no significant changes. The worst baseline indices produced the widest daily fluctuation at\nthe examination phase. Significant variation of indices is directly related to clinical severity of periodontal conditions at baseline.\nPatients affected by severe periodontal disease may show significantly greater index changes. As indices are routinely recorded\nonly once per day, the index daily variation has clinical significance. This greatly affects therapeutic strategy as correct periodontal\nassessment requires multiple evaluations at standardized times, particularly when baseline conditions are severe....
Background: Dental esthetics, chewing and speech should be preserved in a dentition denominated functional\nand are closely related to satisfaction with oral health (SOH), impacts caused by oral problems and have a possible\nassociation with Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the\ninfluence of different concepts of functional dentition (FD) on both SOH and impacts on daily performance (IDP)\namong Brazilian adults.\nMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 9564 adults (35ââ?¬â??44 years). SOH and IDP were evaluated\nusing the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire. FD was considered based on four different\ndefinitions: I-classification of the World Health Organization (FDWHO = ââ?°Â¥20 teeth); II-well-distributed teeth\n(WDT = ââ?°Â¥10 teeth in each arch); III-classified by esthetics and occlusion (FDClass5 = sequential presence of one tooth\nin each arch, ââ?°Â¥10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ââ?°Â¥three posterior occluding pairs [POPs] of premolars and\nââ?°Â¥one POP molar bilaterally); and IV-classified by esthetics, occlusion and periodontal status (FDClass6 = FDClass5 plus\nall sextants with CPI ââ?°Â¤ 3 and/or CAL ââ?°Â¤ 1). The proportion of adults satisfied with oral health and without overall\nimpact (OIDP = 0) was calculated for each definition of FD. Multiple Poisson regression models were adjusted by\ndemographic-socioeconomic characteristics, self-reported oral problems and the use of dental services for each\ndependent variable.\nResults: When FDClass5 and FDClass6 were considered a greater proportion of adults reported being satisfied\n(52.1 and 53.1%, respectively) and have OIDP = 0 (52.4 and 53.3, respectively). In the multiple models, SOH was\nassociated with FDClass5 (RP = 1.21) and FDClass6 (RP = 1.24) and OIDP = 0 was associated with WDT (RP = 1.14)\nand FDClass6 (RP = 1.21).\nConclusions: The greater influence of WDT, FDClass5 and FDClass6 on aspects related to quality of life in comparison\nto FDWHO demonstrates the need for the establishment of a broader definition of FD that encompasses subjective\naspects....
The percentage of completely and partially edentulous patients and their prosthetic treatment at the Department of Substitutive\nDental Sciences (SDS),College ofDentistry,University ofDammam,were investigated. Panoramic radiographs and medical records\nof adult patients (...
Background: This study aims to investigate bacterial adhesion on different titanium and ceramic implant surfaces,\nto correlate these findings with surface roughness and surface hydrophobicity, and to define the predominant\nfactor for bacterial adhesion for each material.\nMethods: Zirconia and titanium specimens with different surface textures and wettability (5.0 mm in diameter, 1.0 mm\nin height) were prepared. Surface roughness was measured by perthometer (Ra) and atomic force microscopy, and\nhydrophobicity according to contact angles by computerized image analysis. Bacterial suspensions of Streptococcus\nsanguinis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were incubated for 2 h at 37 �°C with ten test specimens for each material\ngroup and quantified with fluorescence dye CytoX-Violet and an automated multi-detection reader.\nResults: Variations in surface roughness (Ra) did not lead to any differences in adhering S. epidermidis, but higher Ra\nresulted in increased S. sanguinis adhesion. In contrast, higher bacterial adhesion was observed on hydrophobic\nsurfaces than on hydrophilic surfaces for S. epidermidis but not for S. sanguinis. The potential to adhere S. sanguinis was\nsignificantly higher on ceramic surfaces than on titanium surfaces; no such preference could be found for\nS. epidermidis.\nConclusions: Both surface roughness and wettability may influence the adhesion properties of bacteria on\nbiomaterials; in this context, the predominant factor is dependent on the bacterial species. Wettability was the\npredominant factor for S. epidermidis and surface texture for S. sanguinis. Zirconia did not show any lower bacterial\ncolonization potential than titanium. Arithmetical mean roughness values Ra (measured by stylus profilometer) are\ninadequate for describing surface roughness with regard to its potential influence on microbial adhesion....
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